The Four C's of Diamond Quality
The quality of a diamond is measured on four standard criteria: cut, clarity, carat (weight) and color. The financial value of a diamond is based on how well it ranks in each of the above criteria. While carat size may be most important to you, a two carat ring could be less expensive than a smaller carat due to its higher rank in cut, color and clarity. Select a diamond that has the highest overall rank, while staying within the budget.
-Cut: The cut of a diamond refers to the number, alignment and shape of its facets not the shape of the stone. How well a diamond is cut will determine its brilliance and how well it will sparkle. It is graded on two scales: Excellent, Good, Average, Commercial and Irregular, as well as a number scale from 1+ (Excellent) up to 8 (Irregular).
-Clarity: A diamond’s clarity is based on the number of imperfections and flaws it contains. These flaws are called inclusions and they diminish the overall value. All diamonds have flaws and many cannot be seen with the naked eye. A flawless diamond is one that shows no visible inclusions when viewed under 10x magnification. The most common imperfections include cracks, black carbon spots and cloudy areas.
-Carat: This refers to the overall weight of the diamond. A one carat diamond equals 100 points and a .50 carat diamond or half of a carat equals 50 points. While most people think weight has the highest impact on the cost of a diamond, the true value is determined when combined with the other three C’s.
-Color: A high quality diamond is one that has the least amount of color. The grade of a diamond is based on a scale from D (meaning colorless) to Z (meaning light yellow). Determine the color of your diamond by viewing it under natural or white light, not halogen lights. Diamonds that are lower in quality can have a slight yellow hue.
How you judge your diamond will be based on personal preference. Some think color is most important and others want a higher carat. Keep in mind that some diamonds are cut to maximize their weight leaving in a number of imperfections or affecting the final cut. Take the time to consider all aspects of the diamond you choose.
Ensuring your diamond ranks high in all four categories could significantly impact the budget. Choose the diamond that is right for you while staying within the budget. If the ring is intended to be an investment and have resale value down the road, color and clarity will play a more important role. To maximize the value, color will need to rank D, E, or F and clarity should be close to flawless.
Before purchasing the final diamond, obtain a certificate for it from the Gemological Institute of America. This certificate authenticates the 4C value of the diamond and ensures a jeweler has not inflated the grade of the diamond. Any jeweler should be able to provide a certificate. If they refuse, don’t buy the diamond. There are a wide variety of jewelers that guarantee their diamonds are authenticated.
Take the time, together as a couple, to discuss what is most important in a diamond. This will provide upfront direction and avoid any difficult decisions once you reach the jewelry store. If budget is a big concern, opt for an alternative stone. Not every engagement or wedding ring must contain a diamond. Perhaps you can start with an alternative stone and upgrade to a diamond as an anniversary present.
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